WiseFarm

London office space to let

2008-01-07T09:45:00.000-08:00

If you're looking for London office space to let, you could do a lot worse than paying a visit to Pearl & Coutts. Their helpful, friendly staff were able to cater exactly for my london office space needs. I need London office space to let me run my business, and thankfully Pearl & Coutts were there for me in my time of need.

gum sculpting in klondon

2007-11-22T03:56:00.000-08:00

Whether your gums have begun to recede or you are longing to reveal the beautiful enamel under too much gum - gum sculpting is the ideal treatment for you.
The "Gummy Smile" is a problem where your teeth appear to be too short. Gum sculpting is often the solution. To solve this, a dentist uses a laser to remove the excess tissue of your gummy smile, which then exposes more of your tooth.

The Welbeck Clinic provides you with first class dental care. They are a family-oriented, general practice that cares for dental patients of all age groups. The staff comprises well-trained professionals, who work together as a team to bring you the best dental care in a caring and warm atmosphere. The Clinic maintains a state-of-the-art infrastructure and makes your dental visit as pleasant and comfortable as possible.

Unlike porcelain veneers, bonding does not reduce the tooth's original structure

2007-11-14T03:37:00.001-08:00

Cosmetic bonding is a common treatment choice for solving a variety of dental issues. Like porcelain veneers, cosmetic bonding can change the shape and size of a tooth, which when executed properly, can re-shape the smile, fill small gaps between teeth and correct bite problems. In addition, bonding is often used to repair surface flaws in the tooth, such as cracks, chips or discoloration.

Unlike porcelain veneers, bonding does not reduce the tooth's original structure. It is quick, painless and relatively inexpensive. Bonding generally requires very little drilling and most treatments can be performed in a single visit without the use of anesthetic.

It should be noted that cosmetic bonding, just like natural teeth, are subject to discoloration from coffee or tobacco. Cosmetic bondings do not last as long as porcelain veneers and may require touch-ups or replacement in 5 to 10 years.

Cosmetic contouring changes the shape of the teeth for a better smile

2007-11-14T03:18:00.000-08:00

Cosmetic contouring changes the shape of the teeth for a better smile. It is a conservative procedure to improve the appearance of fractured, worn or irregular teeth. This technique is most useful in cases of slight to moderate overlapping of the front teeth, slight rotation of the front teeth, uneven wear, or teeth that don't have their biting and incising edges in harmony. Cosmetic contouring can often be done in one visit.

Cosmetic contouring is a conservative approach to correct misaligned teeth, uneven lengths, ridges and grooves. It can also be used to correct the bite. After discussing the aesthetic desires for your smile, the dentist will go through the comprehensive examination and diagnostic procedures.

The qualified dentists and hygienists at The Welbeck Clinic play a critical role in oral health education and care showing you simple measures to keep your mouth healthy.

the most appropriate shops to let

2007-11-14T03:16:00.000-08:00

London is today one of the world's leading trade and financial centres. If you're planning to move your business or start a new business, think about taking up shops to let as soon as possible. Considering the pressure on space, in relation to the demand, it is at times difficult to get the most appropriate shops to let. You may be highly disappointed in not being able to find the shop of your choice.

You need not worry any more - Pearl & Coutts is the solution for you. Pearl & Coutts is the leading online service providing retailers with direct access to the latest available shops to let. From saving time and money to providing much-needed flexibility, Pearl & Coutts is the answer to a number of business concerns.

veneers

2007-11-08T07:12:00.000-08:00

Veneers are wafer-thin, custom-made shells of tooth-colored materials designed to cover the front surface of teeth to improve your appearance. These shells are bonded to the front of the teeth changing their color, shape, size or length. Dental veneers can be made from porcelain or from resin composite materials.
Porcelain veneers resist stains better than resin veneers and better mimic the light reflecting properties of natural teeth. Porcelain veneers are very strong and last up to fifteen years, providing a lasting smile. They look very natural so people will not know you've had the treatment unless you tell them. They are easy to look after with no special care needed.
The Welbeck Clinic is a name to reckon with in the area of treatment with veneers. They endeavor to provide the very best in aesthetic dentistry in conjunction with oral health treatments. This ensures your teeth and gums are in the best of health prior to cosmetic treatment and can be maintained in good health after treatment has been completed.

Offices to let in london

2007-10-22T02:48:00.000-07:00

Are you looking for a chance to own a business address and a corporate office in the heart of London? Officeplanet guarantees to make your dream come true with it’s office to-let London database .

Office Planet is uniquely funded by the serviced office industry to provide the end user of space with a professional and free space finding service. Office Planet has years of experience within the office to-let London sector and we can provide excellent advice, as we have done to hundreds of companies that we have successfully found space for.

Office Planet has compiled an extensive database of serviced office providers across all locations and budgets in London. In three simple clicks you can find exactly what you need. Once we have come up with an agreed shortlist of suitable locations, we will arrange the inspections for you and if required we will accompany you on the tour of viewings to assist in finding locations and offer expert advice and assistance.

Nationwide’s Garage Doors

2007-10-22T02:01:00.000-07:00

Your garage is one of the focal points of your home, so here at nationwide we will ensure that your garage will be impressive and just as secure as your other doors and windows.

All our automatic garage doors come with a courtesy light facility for those winter evenings or late nights and are rigorously tested to ensure years of use. Additionally in the event of a power cut our garage doors are equipped with a battery back-up facility in order to continue the smooth operation even through a power cut.

If you want a great-looking, high quality garage doors then go for Nationwide garage doors. Nationwide garage doors are a sound investment for the future; such is their quality of manufacture and inherent strength. There is also a great range of design styles and finishes to suit any home, traditional or modern.

HELP!

2007-10-12T03:48:00.000-07:00

dating as a single parent can be a nightmare. Do you tell prospective dates of your status? Do you tell the kids where you're going? What if end up wasting your time? Night's out get a lot more expensive when you're a single parent, what with the cost of babysitters as well.

Luckily, single parent fun has come along to make single parent dating easier. Single Parent Fun is an online community of single parents looking to meet new people, some for friendship, some for something more. The community can help you deal with all the hassles of being a single parent, as well as meeting a potential partner. Single parent dating just got a lot easier!

Serviced Offices Derby

2007-09-12T06:41:00.000-07:00

Derby, a town in the East Midlands is thriving in it's position as 18th biggest settlement in the UK, measured by urban area. A huge chunk of this urban area is taken up by Serviced Offices Derby has loads of serviced offices, but these are regularly occupied by the population of around 230,000. Luckily, Office Planet regularly has Serviced Offices Derby available on their books, and through their competitive rates they are able to satisfy anyones Serviced Offices Derby requirements

Natural Toothpaste

2007-07-13T08:33:00.000-07:00

Toothpaste is full of harmful ingredients from Fluoride to propylene glycol and sulphates. All of the chemicals are arguably carcinogenic. For this reason it is a good idea to find your yourself a fluoride free toothpaste which cleans the teeth gently and naturally without the use of abrasives.

Recently I tried the dr hauschka herbal toothpaste which has a great neem and mint flavour and has left my teeth and mouth feeling incredibly clean and fresh. Also after prolonged brushing with this herbal toothpaste my gums have not bleed which often used to occur with normal toothpaste.

I highly recommend this herbal toothpaste as a natural alternative.

Dr Hauschka Natural Deodorant

2007-07-13T07:27:00.000-07:00

I have been a buyer of natural cosmetics for some time but have struggled to ever find a decent deodorant. Many natural deodorants in the supermarkets often still contain propylene glycol and aluminum. So finding a good natural and truly organic deodorant that actually works has been hard work.
I have just tried the Dr. hauschka natural deodorant and I have been amazed with its results.

It has a very pleasant herbal citrus and sage smell and once applied the creamy texture is rapidly absorbed and not sticky at all. What is surprising is that the herbs that get absorbed to stop the under arm odour seem to carry on having an effect, even when I missed a day! and after the gym!
All and all this is a fantastic product and one of the best natural deodorants on the market, certainly the best I have tried.

Ten out of Ten.

Serviced Offices

2006-09-27T07:47:00.000-07:00

Serviced offices are also more cost effective and can save your company over 30% as well as providing a range of facilities and services that are all offered at extremely competitive rates, making www.office-planet.net Serviced Offices significantly cheaper than conventional office space.

Serviced Offices

2006-09-27T07:46:00.000-07:00

For A one stop shop website for UK serviced offices. Serviced Offices UK provide several advantages over traditional office space. Offices are fully furnished, staffed and equipped with everything your business will require. Business centre support services also cater to all business needs on a fully flexible, immediately available basis.

Cosmetic Dentist London

2006-09-27T05:27:00.000-07:00

Having had a consultation at a cosmetic dentists london surgery, I am thinking of having crown work done, probably ceramic. Does anyone know if this may be painful. Anyone experienced a visit to the cosmetic dentists in London? I am petrified of the dentists!

Olmsted, Frederick Law

2005-07-27T13:25:00.000-07:00

At the age of 14, sumac poisoning seriously affected Olmsted's eyesight and limited his education. As an apprentice topographic engineer for a brief period, he received the fundamental skills

Antique Jewellery

2005-07-13T07:35:00.000-07:00

The staple Tibetan food is barley flour (rtsam-pa), which is consumed daily. Other major foods include wheat flour, yak meat, mutton, and pork. Dairy products such as butter, milk, and cheese are also popular. The people in the higher altitudes generally consume more meat than those of the lower regions, where a variety of vegetables is available. Rice is generally restricted

Fischer, Ludwig

2005-07-08T04:50:00.000-07:00

Although originally a student of the violin and cello, Fischer was discovered at the age of 18 in a church choir and in a student operetta and was given a position at court. With the help of a grant by Elector Karl Theodor he continued

Sea Squirt

2005-06-16T02:35:00.000-07:00

Also called ascidian any member of the invertebrate class Ascidiacea (subphylum Urochordata, also called Tunicata), marine animals with some primitive vertebrate features. Sea squirts are fixed growing organisms resembling potatoes more than animals; they are found in all seas, from the intertidal zone to the greatest depths. All adult forms are sessile (permanently fixed to a surface).

Solar Cell

2005-06-03T11:20:00.000-07:00

Any device that directly converts the energy in light into electrical energy through the process of photovoltaics.

Submachine Gun

2005-05-17T20:55:00.000-07:00

Lightweight automatic small-arms weapon chambered for relatively low-energy pistol cartridges and fired from the hip or shoulder. Most types utilize simple blowback actions. Using cartridges of such calibres as .45 inch or 9 mm, they usually have box-type magazines that hold from 10 to 50 cartridges, or occasionally drums holding more rounds. A short-range weapon, the submachine

Sanno Ichijitsu Shinto

2005-05-16T02:35:00.000-07:00

Also called Ichijitsu Shinto , or Tendai Shinto in Japanese religion, the syncretic school that combined Shinto with the teachings of the Tendai sect of Buddhism. Shinto-Buddhist syncretism developed from the Japanese concept that Shinto deities (kami) were manifestations of Buddhist divinities. The earliest of these schools, Ryobu Shinto, was founded on the belief that Amaterasu Omikami, the chief Shinto deity, corresponded

Amami Great Island

2005-03-15T23:26:00.000-08:00

Japanese �Amami-o-shima, � largest island in the Amami chain of the northern Ryukyu Islands, in Kagoshima ken (prefecture), Japan. Most of the 274-square-mile (709-square-kilometre) island is mountainous and forested. A quasi-national park protects landscapes at the higher elevations. Mount Yuwan is the highest mountain at 2,276 feet (694 m). The lower, cultivated areas produce timber, sugarcane, and rice. A hydroelectric

Brac

2005-03-14T00:38:00.000-08:00

Italian �Brazza, � rugged, mountainous island in the Adriatic Sea that is part of Croatia. With an area of 149 square miles (395 square km), Brac is one of the larger islands in the Adriatic; it lies southeast of the mainland city of Split. Its maximum elevation, 2,559 feet (780 m), is reached at Vidova Mountain, the highest point in the Adriatic islands. The main occupations of the inhabitants are fishing and agriculture;

India, Wars and rivalries

2005-03-11T14:52:00.000-08:00

Harihara II's death in 1404 was followed by a violent succession dispute among his three surviving sons. Only after two of them had been crowned and dethroned was the third, Devaraya I (reigned 1406 - 22), able to emerge victorious. Continuing instability, however, coupled with the involvement of Vijayanagar and the Bahmani sultanate as backers of different claimants to the throne

Indonesia, Justice

2005-03-04T18:34:00.000-08:00

There are four judicial spheres (for general, religious, military, and administrative

Ahmose Ii

2005-03-03T19:05:00.000-08:00

In 570, after Apries' unsuccessful campaign against Cyrene, in modern Libya, the Egyptian

Cramer, Johann Baptist

2005-03-02T14:56:00.000-08:00

Cramer was taken to England in 1772 by his father. His piano teachers included the noted pianist and composer Muzio Clementi, under whom he developed the

'abdullah I

2005-03-01T23:41:00.000-08:00

'Abdullah, the second son of Husayn ibn 'Ali, the ruler of the Hejaz, was educated in Istanbul in what was then the Ottoman Empire. After the Young Turk Revolution of 1908, he represented Mecca in the Ottoman parliament. Early in 1914 he joined the Arab nationalist movement, which sought independence

Madison, James

2005-02-28T02:17:00.000-08:00

During eight years as Jefferson's secretary of state (1801 - 09), Madison used the words �The President has decided� so regularly that his own role can be discovered only in foreign archives. British diplomats dealing with Madison encountered �asperity of temper and fluency of expression.� Senators John Adair and Nicholas Gilman agreed in 1806 that he �governed the President,� an opinion held also by French minister Louis-Marie Turreau.

General Motors Corporation

2005-02-27T00:46:00.000-08:00

(GM)� American corporation that became the world's largest vehicle manufacturer in 1931 and maintained that status into the 21st century. It also ranks among the world's largest industrial corporations. GM was founded in 1908 to consolidate several motorcar companies and today operates manufacturing and assembly plants and distribution centres throughout the United States

Pietism

2005-02-26T22:37:00.000-08:00

German �Pietismus � influential religious reform movement that began among German Lutherans in the 17th century. It emphasized personal faith against the main Lutheran church's perceived stress on doctrine and theology over Christian living. Pietism quickly spread and later became concerned with social and educational matters. As a phenomenon of personal religious renewal, its

Wilson, Harriet E.

2005-02-25T19:33:00.000-08:00

Almost nothing is known of Wilson's personal history until

France, History Of, Merovingian and Carolingian age

2005-02-24T11:12:00.000-08:00

Comprehensive introductions to the period are found in Margaret Deanesly, A History of Early Medieval Europe, from 476 to 911, 2nd ed. (1960, reissued 1974); Jean Favier (ed.), Histoire de France, 6 vol. (1984 - 88), vol. 1; and Karl Ferdinand Werner, Les Origines (avant l'an mil) (1984). The history of invasions, with the archaeological background, is presented in Lucien Musset, The Germanic Invasions: The Making of Europe, AD 400 - 600 (1975; originally published in French, 1965), and Les Invasions: le second assaut contre l'Europe chr�tienne, VIIe - XIe si�cles, 2nd ed. (1971); and Patrick P�rin and Laure-Charlotte Feffer, Les Francs, 2 vol. (1987). On the Merovingians, see Eugen Ewig, Die Merowinger und das Frankenreich (1988); Bernard S. Bachrach, Merovingian Military Organization, 481 - 751 (1972); and J.M. Wallace-Hadrill, The Long-Haired Kings and Other Studies in Frankish History (1962, reprinted 1982). For the Carolingians, Louis Halphen, Charlemagne and the Carolingian Empire (1977; originally published in French, 1947), remains the classic work. Later scholarship is reflected in Rosamond McKitterick, The Frankish Kingdoms Under the Carolingians, 751 - 987 (1983); and F.L. Ganshof, The Carolingians and the Frankish Monarchy, trans. from French (1971). Special studies of the civilization of the period include J.M. Wallace-Hadrill, The Frankish Church (1983); Pierre Rich�, Education and Culture in the Barbarian West, Sixth Through Eighth Centuries (1976; originally published in French, 3rd ed., 1973); Suzanne Fonay Wemple, Women in Frankish Society: Marriage and the Cloister, 500 to 900 (1981); and Ren�e Doehaerd, The Early Middle Ages in the West: Economy and Society (1978; originally published in French, 1971).

T�bessa

2005-02-23T00:28:00.000-08:00

Latin �Theveste� town, northeastern Algeria. It is located 146 miles (235 km) by road south of Annaba and 12 miles (19 km) west of the Tunisian frontier. T�bessa was an outpost of Carthage in the 7th century BC and a Roman garrison town in 146 BC. It declined in the 5th and 6th centuries AD and disappeared from history after the Arab invasion of the 7th century. The Turks stationed a small military garrison there, and, after

Breisgau

2005-02-22T02:57:00.000-08:00

Historic region between the Rhine and the Black Forest in southwestern Germany, now in the South Baden district of the Land (state) Baden-W�rttemberg. It was part of the frontier region of the Roman Empire known as the Agri Decumates; from c. AD 260 it was occupied by the Germanic Alemanni. The Z�hringen family was invested with the countship of Breisgau in the early Middle

China, The Nien Rebellion

2005-02-21T00:26:00.000-08:00

Often in the first half of the 19th century plundering gangs, called nien, ravaged northern Anhwei, southern Shantung, and southern Honan. In mid-century, however, their activities were suddenly intensified, partly by the addition to their numbers of a great many starving people who had lost their livelihood from repeated floods of the Huang Ho in the early 1850s, and partly

Agulhas Current

2005-02-20T07:36:00.000-08:00

Surface oceanic current that is part of the westward-flowing South Equatorial Current, which turns southward along the east coast of Africa and then eastward to join the flow from Africa to Australia. A small part of Agulhas water may, however, continue westward around the Cape of Good Hope into the Atlantic. The Mozambique Current, between Madagascar and Africa,

Object Language

2005-02-19T08:04:00.000-08:00

In semantics and logic, the ordinary language used to talk about things or objects in the world - as contrasted with metalanguage, an artificial language used by linguists and others to analyze or describe the sentences or elements of object language itself. The concept was developed by such 20th-century logical positivists as Polish-American Alfred Tarski and German-American

Panama, Administrative divisions

2005-02-18T04:58:00.000-08:00

The country is divided into nine provincias and four comarcas ind�genas (indigenous sectors) - Kuna Yala (San Blas), Ember� (Ember�-Wounaan), Madungand� (Madugand�), and Ngobe Bugl� (Guaym�). The provincias are divided into distritos municipales (municipal districts), which are subdivided into corregimientos (magistracies). The head of each provincia is the governor, appointed

Environmental Works, Groundwater sources

2005-02-17T09:59:00.000-08:00

The value of an aquifer as a source of groundwater is a function of the porosity of the geologic stratum, or layer, of which it is formed. Water is withdrawn from an aquifer by pumping it out of a well or infiltration gallery. An infiltration gallery typically includes several horizontal perforated pipes radiating outward from the bottom of a large-diameter vertical

Ch�diak-higashi Syndrome

2005-02-16T10:15:00.000-08:00

Persons with Ch�diak-Higashi syndrome experience persistent or recurrent infections. Other symptoms associated with the disease include enlargement of the liver and spleen, partial albinism, and depressed activity

India, Aurangzeb

2005-02-15T01:59:00.000-08:00

The empire under Aurangzeb (ruled 1658 - 1707) experienced further growth but also manifested signs of weakness. For more than a decade, Aurangzeb appeared to be in full control. The Mughals suffered a bit in Assam and Cooch Behar, but they invaded gainfully the Arakanese in southern Myanmar (Burma), captured Chittagong, and added territories in Bikaner, Bundelkhand, Palamau, Assam,

Chelif River

2005-02-14T20:12:00.000-08:00

Also spelled �Ch�liff, or Sheliff, � the longest and most important river of Algeria. Its farthest tributary, the Sebgag River, rises in the Amour ranges of the Saharan Atlas Mountains near Aflou. Crossing the Hauts Plateaux for most of the year as a chain of marshes and muddy pools, the river loses most of its water but is replenished by a stream near Chabounia, the Nahr Ouassel River. The Chelif then turns

Rambert, Dame Marie

2005-02-13T04:21:00.000-08:00

A student of �mile Jaques-Dalcroze, the originator of eurhythmics, Rambert was invited in 1913 to teach this technique of rhythmic education to members of Sergey Diaghilev's Ballets Russes; through her

Porcelain Enamelling

2005-02-12T08:26:00.000-08:00

Also called �Vitreous Enamelling, � process of fusing a thin layer of glass to a metal object to prevent corrosion and enhance its beauty. Porcelain-enamelled iron is used extensively for such articles as kitchen pots and pans, bathtubs, refrigerators, chemical and food tanks, and equipment for meat markets. In architecture it serves as facing for buildings. Being a glass, porcelain enamelling has the

Daniell, John Frederic

2005-02-11T03:06:00.000-08:00

In 1820 Daniell invented a dew-point hygrometer (a device that indicates atmospheric humidity), which came into widespread use. In his Meteorological Essays and Observations (1823), Daniell

Ellensburg

2005-02-10T07:39:00.000-08:00

City, seat (1883) of Kittitas county, central Washington, U.S., on the Yakima River, 28 miles (45 km) north of Yakima. The first white man settled there in 1867, and three years later the valley's first trading post, called Robbers Roost, was opened. The community bore that name until 1875, when John Shoudy platted a town site and named it for his wife, Ellen. The building of the Northern Pacific Railway

Fighter Aircraft

2005-02-09T05:13:00.000-08:00

Aircraft designed primarily to secure control of essential airspace by destroying enemy aircraft in combat. The opposition may consist of fighters of equal capability or of bombers carrying protective armament. For such purposes fighters must be capable of the highest possible performance in order to be able to outfly and outmaneuver opposing fighters. Above

Azzone Dei Porci

2005-02-08T21:56:00.000-08:00

Also called �Azzone Soldanus�, Latin �Azolinus Porcius, Azzone� also spelled �Azo� or �Azzo� a leader of the Bolognese school of jurists and one of the few to write systematic summaries (summae) rather than textual glosses of Roman law as codified under the Byzantine emperor Justinian I (6th century AD). His Summa codicis and Apparatus ad codicem together provided a methodical exposition of Roman law and were very influential

Residencia

2005-02-07T16:52:00.000-08:00

In colonial Spanish America, judicial review of an official's acts, conducted at the conclusion of his term of office. Originating in Castile in the early 15th century, it was extended to the government of Spain's colonial empire from the early 16th century. In Spain it was applied mainly to the corregidors (local administrative and judicial officials). In the New World all

Paraguay River

2005-02-06T04:54:00.000-08:00

The source and upper course of the Paraguay River are in Brazil, where it demarcates

Lupus Erythematosus

2005-02-05T06:42:00.000-08:00

Discoid lupus affects only the skin and does not usually involve internal organs. The term discoid refers to a rash of distinct reddened patches covered with grayish brown scales that may appear on the

Biblical Literature, Jewish sects and parties

2005-02-04T00:02:00.000-08:00

From both the New Testament and extrabiblical material the main religious groups or parties in Palestinian Judaism may be discerned. Such descriptions, however, may be somewhat biassed or apologetic. Philo, an Alexandrian Jewish philosopher (died c. AD 40), Josephus, a Jewish apologist to the Romans (died c. 100), and sectarian writings found at Qumran near the Dead Sea in 1947 that date

Szekler

2005-02-03T04:08:00.000-08:00

Hungarian �Sz�kely, � member of a people inhabiting the upper valleys of the Mures and Olt rivers in what was eastern Transylvania and is now Romania. They were estimated to number about 860,000 in the 1970s and are officially recognized as a distinct minority group by the Romanian government. Their origin has been much debated. According to their own tradition, repeated in Procopius' De bello

Cornell, Katharine

2005-02-02T15:56:00.000-08:00

Cornell was the daughter of American parents who were in Berlin at the time of her birth. Later that year the family returned to Buffalo, New York. Her interest in the theatre came naturally - her father was an amateur actor and an associate

African Literature

2005-02-01T13:30:00.000-08:00

The traditional oral and written literatures together with the mainly 20th-century literature written mostly in European languages but also to an increasing extent in the many languages of the sub-Saharan region. Traditional written literature is limited to a smaller geographic area than is oral literature; indeed, it is most characteristic of those sub-Saharan

Cattaraugus

2005-01-31T02:31:00.000-08:00

County, southwestern New York state, U.S., consisting of a ruggedly hilly region bounded by Cattaraugus Creek to the north and Pennsylvania to the south. It is drained by the Allegheny River and Ischua and Great Valley creeks. Surrounding Allegheny Reservoir are Allegany Indian Reservation and Allegany State Park, both of which are the largest of their kind in the

Aerospace Industry, Tertiary systems

2005-01-30T15:21:00.000-08:00

One major group of ground-based support products comprises simulation devices - systems used for training aircraft and spacecraft crews and for research-and-development processes. The simulators built in the largest quantities are chiefly for civil transport aircraft and military fighters and are used to train pilots for operating specific aircraft and

Romans, Letter Of Paul To The

2005-01-29T08:18:00.000-08:00

The longest and doctrinally most significant of St. Paul the Apostle's New Testament writings, probably composed at Corinth in about AD 57; it was addressed to the Christian Church at Rome, whose congregation Paul hoped to visit for the first time on his way to Spain. The letter has been intensely studied since early Christian times and was the basis of Martin Luther's teaching

Reservoir

2005-01-28T23:44:00.000-08:00

Changes in weather cause the natural flow of streams and rivers to vary greatly with time. Periods of excess flows and valley flooding may alternate with low flows or droughts. The role of water-storage reservoirs, therefore,

Breeze

2005-01-27T01:40:00.000-08:00

Air current designation on the Beaufort scale; it is weaker than a wind, which in turn is weaker than a gale. Breeze also denotes various local winds (e.g., sea breeze, land breeze, valley breeze, mountain breeze) generated by unequal diurnal heating and cooling of adjacent areas of the Earth's surface. These breezes are strongest in warm, clear, dry weather, when daytime insolation,

Maxwell, James Clerk

2005-01-26T15:25:00.000-08:00

In 1865 Maxwell resigned his professorship at King's College and retired to the family estate in Glenlair. He continued to visit London every spring and served as external examiner for the Mathematical Tripos (exams) at Cambridge. In the spring and early summer of 1867 he toured Italy. But most of his energy during this period was devoted to writing his famous treatise on electricity

China, Port facilities and shipping

2005-01-25T09:02:00.000-08:00

China's 8,700-mile-long coastline is indented by some 100 large and small bays and has some 20 deepwater harbours, most of which are ice-free throughout the year. Coastal shipping is divided into two principal navigation zones, the northern and southern marine districts. The northern district extends north from Amoy to the North Korean border, with Shanghai as its administrative

Toba, Lake

2005-01-24T17:05:00.000-08:00

Indonesian �Danau Toba� lake in the Barisan Mountains, north-central Sumatra, Indonesia. It covers an area of about 440 square miles (1,140 square km), excluding Samosir Island, which occupies a large part of the lake's centre and which is about 30 miles (50 km) long and 10 miles (15 km) wide. The lake drains east through the Asahan River into the Strait of Malacca; along the Asahan River several major hydroelectric projects

Pitcher, Molly

2005-01-23T06:15:00.000-08:00

Molly Pitcher first enters the historical record in 1778. Her original surname is unknown, though she is thought to have been Irish. Military records indicate that her first husband, William Hays, enlisted as a gunner in a Pennsylvania artillery regiment in 1777. The nickname

Hippodrome

2005-01-22T05:43:00.000-08:00

Ancient Greek stadium designed for horse racing and especially chariot racing. Its Roman counterpart was called a circus and is best represented by the Circus Maximus (q.v.). The typical hippodrome was dug into a hillside and the excavated material used to construct an embankment for supporting seats on the opposite side. In shape the hippodrome was oblong, with one

Minas Basin

2005-01-21T00:40:00.000-08:00

Eastern inlet of the Bay of Fundy, protruding into central Nova Scotia, Canada. Up to 25 mi (40 km) in width and more than 50 mi in length (including its eastern extension, Cobequid Bay), the basin has some of the highest tides in the world; fluctuations exceeding 50 ft (15 m) have been recorded. It is connected to the Bay of Fundy by Minas Channel and receives the drainage of the Avon, Cornwallis,

Jewel Food Stores, Inc.

2005-01-20T14:42:00.000-08:00

The company traced its origins to 1899, when Frank Vernon Skiff and Frank Ross founded the Jewel Tea Company to supply condiments to the Chicago area from horse-drawn wagons. As the automobile gained in importance, the firm moved from wagons

Muravyov, Nikolay Nikolayevich, Count (graf) Amursky

2005-01-19T04:34:00.000-08:00

A lieutenant general in the Russian army, Muravyov was appointed governor-general of eastern Siberia in 1847. Despite the opposition

Arran, James Hamilton, 1st Earl Of

2005-01-18T20:11:00.000-08:00

Arran commanded a naval expedition against England in 1513 but failed lamentably and returned to find his rival, the earl of Angus, supreme at court. He therefore

Boian

2005-01-17T20:14:00.000-08:00

Neolithic culture (c. 7000 BC) centred in what is now southern Romania; it was characterized by terrace settlements, consisting at first of mud huts and later of fortified promontory settlements. The Boian phase was marked by the introduction of copper axes, the extension of agriculture, and the breeding of domestic animals. The distinctive Boian pottery was decorated by

Boian

2005-01-16T20:14:00.000-08:00

Boian

2005-01-15T17:23:00.000-08:00

Roundelay

2005-01-14T14:12:00.000-08:00

A poem with a refrain that recurs frequently or at fixed intervals, as in a rondel. The term is also loosely used to refer to any of the fixed forms of poetry (such as the rondeau, the rondel, and the roundel) that use refrains extensively.

African Hunting Dog

2005-01-12T08:51:00.000-08:00

Also called �Cape Hunting Dog, or Hyena Dog� (Lycaon pictus), wild African carnivore that differs from the rest of the members of the dog family (Canidae) in having only four toes on each foot. Its coat is short, sparse, and irregularly blotched with yellow, black, and white. The African hunting dog is about 76 - 102 cm (30 - 41 inches) long, exclusive of its 31 - 41-centimetre tail, stands about 60 cm (24 inches) at the shoulder, and weighs

Paleography

2005-01-11T05:59:00.000-08:00

Precise boundaries for paleography are hard to define. For example, epigraphy, the study of inscriptions cut on immovable objects for permanent public inspection, is related to paleography. Casual graffiti, sale or election notices as found on the walls

Lord Chancellor

2005-01-09T05:46:00.000-08:00

The office dates back to Edward the Confessor (1042 - 66), who followed the model

Earth, Expansion phase

2005-01-08T07:11:00.000-08:00

The expansion phase is less well understood than the growth phase. Many investigators support the �near-Earth neutral-line� model, but concurrently other explanations have been suggested. In the neutral-line model a localized x-type neutral line is formed inside the plasma sheet somewhere between 20 and 40 Re (earth radii) behind the Earth. Figure 13 (top) shows the topology

Guyot, Arnold Henry

2005-01-07T15:09:00.000-08:00

He studied at the College of Neuch�tel and in Germany, taught at Paris

Sannyasi

2005-01-06T01:03:00.000-08:00

Also spelled �sannyasin�, Sanskrit �Sannyasin (�abandoning,� or �throwing down�)� in Hinduism, a religious ascetic, one who has renounced the world, having achieved the fourth ashrama, or stage, of life. The name sannyasi also specifically designates an ascetic who pays particular allegiance to the god Siva, who is sometimes known as �the great ascetic.� The Saiva ascetics were organized in the 8th century AD by the renowned Hindu teacher Sankara into 10 orders,

Biblical Literature, Philological criticism

2005-01-05T01:18:00.000-08:00

Philological criticism consists mainly in the study of the biblical languages in their widest scope, so that the vocabulary, grammar, and style of the biblical writings can be understood as accurately as possible with the aid not only of other biblical writings but of other writings in the same or cognate languages. New Testament Greek, for example, is a representative

Vulcan

2005-01-04T00:25:00.000-08:00

In Roman religion, god of fire, particularly in its destructive aspects as volcanoes or conflagrations. Poetically, he is given all the attributes of the Greek Hephaestus (q.v.). His worship was very ancient, and at Rome he had his own priest (flamen). His chief festival, the Volcanalia, was held on August 23 and was marked by a rite of unknown significance: the heads of Roman families

Euclidean Geometry, Axioms of congruence

2005-01-03T08:11:00.000-08:00

Five axioms (see Box

Dadu

2005-01-02T08:11:00.000-08:00

Town, Sindh province, southern Pakistan. The town lies just west of the Indus River, about 100 miles (160 km) north-northwest of Hyderabad. A distribution centre, it is connected by road and rail with Hyderabad, Karachi, and Quetta. Dadu has men's and women's government colleges that are affiliated with the University of Sindh. The area in which Dadu is situated is a fertile alluvial

Van

2005-01-01T18:53:00.000-08:00

City, eastern Turkey. It lies on the eastern shore of Lake Van at an altitude of about 5,750 feet (1,750 m). The city lies in an oasis at the foot of a hill crowned by an ancient ruined citadel. A ruined stone building near the foot of the rocky spur bears cuneiform inscriptions dating from the 8th and 7th centuries BC, when Van was the chief centre of the Urartu Kingdom. After the fall of Nineveh

Pre-columbian Civilizations, The Middle Horizon

2004-12-31T06:11:00.000-08:00

Both Pucar� and Tiwanaku were early forms of what became known as the Middle Horizon, an expansion of multiple-valley political rule that had two centres: one in the southern Altiplano, the other centred on Huari (Wari), near the modern Peruvian city of Ayacucho. This development is usually dated about AD 600. Some Tiwanaku effigy vessels have been discovered at Huari, but

Bonstetten, Karl Viktor Von

2004-12-30T07:50:00.000-08:00

Of a conservative and patrician family, Bonstetten for 12 years had to resist being forced into the traditional career of municipal magistrate. Instead he studied Horace and Jean-Jacques Rousseau, traveled abroad, and cultivated friendships in the liberal intellectual

Arts, Central Asian, Neolithic and Metal Age cultures

2004-12-29T21:30:00.000-08:00

Many Neolithic (New Stone Age) sites were discovered in what was formerly Soviet Central Asia, and the number of Bronze Age sites is even higher. The majority were found on the middle reaches of the Yenisey River, especially in the Minusinsk Basin, where metallurgy developed early. They testify to the existence of three main, basically successive, yet often overlapping

Biblical Literature, The Letter of Paul to the Ephesians

2004-12-28T22:03:00.000-08:00

The authenticity of Ephesians as a genuinely Pauline epistle has been doubted since the time of the Dutch Humanist Erasmus in the 16th century. It is most reasonable to consider it as �deutero-Pauline� - i.e., in the tradition of Paul but not written by him. The problem of Ephesians cannot be solved apart from that of Colossians, because many similarities are noted in the style

Biblical Literature, The Letter of Paul to the Ephesians

2004-12-27T07:40:00.000-08:00

Gonz�lez De Clavijo, Ruy

2004-12-26T20:24:00.000-08:00

A chamberlain to King Henry III of Castile, Gonz�lez was a member of Henry's second embassy to Timur. Departing from El Puerto de Santa Mar�a, near C�diz, on May 22, 1403, he sailed via Constantinople (now Istanbul) to the eastern

Viscaceae

2004-12-25T04:55:00.000-08:00

Members of the Viscaceae are primarily tropical in distribution and are parasites on the branches of many tree species.

Amicus Curiae

2004-12-24T17:50:00.000-08:00

An amicus curiae normally may not participate except by

Feng Tao

2004-12-23T23:30:00.000-08:00

Pinyin �Feng Dao � Chinese Confucian minister generally given credit for instigating the first printing of the Confucian Classics, in 932. As a result, Confucian texts became cheap and accessible, the number of scholars and the knowledge of literature greatly increased throughout the nation, and the number of people able to compete in the

Adamkus, Valdas V.

2004-12-22T22:40:00.000-08:00

In 1997 Valdas Adamkus retired from his post at the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) after nearly 30 years--the longest tenure of any senior executive at the agency--with the expressed intention of working on his golf game. Soon afterward, however, it seemed that golf would have to wait, because in February 1998 the unassuming 71-year-old career bureaucrat, a citizen of the United

Arraiolos Rug

2004-12-21T07:50:00.000-08:00

Embroidered floor covering made at Arraiolos, north of �vora in Portugal. The technique is herringbone or cross-stitch on a linen cloth foundation. Early Arraiolos rugs utilized designs derived from the Persians, from whom the Portuguese learned the craft. Portuguese artisans soon replaced these Persian designs with Portuguese folk-art patterns in more limited

Annelid

2004-12-20T20:46:00.000-08:00

General overviews of annelids can be found in R. Phillips Dales, Annelids, 2nd ed. (1967), a semipopular account; D.T. Anderson, Embryology and Phylogeny in Annelids and Arthropods (1973); P.J. Mill (ed.), Physiology of Annelids (1978), a review; Robert D. Barnes, Invertebrate Zoology, 4th ed. (1980), ch. 10, �The Annelids,� pp. 263 - 341; R.O. Brinkhurst, �Evolution in the Annelida,� Canadian Journal of Zoology, 60(5):1043 - 59 (1982), a summary of current scholarship; Donald J. Klemm (ed.), A Guide to the Freshwater Annelida (Polychaeta, Naidid and Tubificid Oligochaeta, and Hirudinea) of North America (1985), on ecology and taxonomy; and Vicki Pearse et al., Living Invertebrates (1987), ch. 16, �Annelid Body Plan,� and ch. 17, �A Diversity of Annelids,� pp. 387 - 437. For information on polychaetes, see Kristian Fauchald, The Polychaete Worms: Definitions and Keys to the Orders, Families, and Genera (1977); Kristian Fauchald and P.A. Jumars, �The Diet of Worms: A Study of Polychaete Feeding Guilds,� Oceanography and Marine Biology, 17:193 - 284 (1979); and Albrecht Fischer and Hans-Dieter Pfannenstiel (eds.), Polychaete Reproduction: Progress in Comparative Reproductive Biology (1984), a collection of symposium papers. For oligochaetes, see R.O. Brinkhurst and B.G.M. Jamieson, Aquatic Oligochaeta of the World (1971); C.A. Edwards and J.R. Lofty, Biology of Earthworms, 2nd ed. (1977); and O. Giere and O. Pfannkuche, �Biology and Ecology of Marine Oligochaeta: A Review,� Oceanography and Marine Biology, 20:173 - 308 (1982). See also the proceedings of three international symposia on aquatic oligochaete biology: R.O. Brinkhurst and David G. Cook (eds.), Aquatic Oligochaete Biology (1980); G. Bonomi and C. Ers�us (eds.), Aquatic Oligochaeta (1984); and R.O. Brinkhurst and R.J. Diaz (eds.), Aquatic Oligochaeta (1987). For leeches, see Kenneth J. Muller, John G. Nicholls, and Gunther S. Stent (ed.), Neurobiology of the Leech (1981); and Roy T. Sawyer, Leech Biology and Behaviour, 3 vol. (1986), an extensive overview.

Ascus

2004-12-18T23:54:00.000-08:00

Plural �Asci, � a saclike structure produced by fungi of the class Ascomycetes (sac fungi) in which sexually produced spores (ascospores), usually four or eight in number, are formed. Asci may arise from the fungal mycelium (the filaments, or hyphae, constituting the organism) without a distinct fruiting structure, as in the leaf curl fungi; it may arise within a fruiting structure (ascocarp)

Turkey Work

2004-12-17T17:09:00.000-08:00

Form of knotted embroidery practiced in England from the 16th century to the mid-18th century, but especially in the 17th century. Used for upholstery and table covers, it was worked in imitation of Turkish carpets, which are known from paintings to have been imported to England from the 16th century. The designs were usually of geometrically stylized flowers. A document from